Solar Water Heater Buying Guide

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Solar Water Heater Buying Guide

Buying a solar water heater is an investment that can significantly reduce your household’s energy costs by harnessing the free energy of the sun. To make the right choice, it’s important to understand the parameters that affect performance, durability, and price. Below is a detailed guide to help you choose the right solar water heater.

choosing the right solar water heater
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Selection Parameters

1. Boiler Size (Hot Water Tank)

The size of the boiler determines how much hot water the system can store.

  • For a family of 4 people, a 160-liter boiler is recommended, which meets daily needs.
  • Smaller sizes may lead to insufficient hot water, while larger ones may be unnecessary and more expensive.

2. Collector Surface Area

The surface area of the collectors affects solar energy absorption.

  • For a 160-liter boiler, collectors with a surface area of 3 square meters are ideal.
  • In areas with low sunlight, a larger collector area may be needed for sufficient heating.

3. Open-Loop or Closed-Loop System

  • Open-loop system:
    The water you use is heated directly in the collectors. It is a simpler system but vulnerable to problems due to frost.
  • Closed-loop system:
    Uses antifreeze liquid in the circuit, which transfers heat to the water via a heat exchanger. It is more resistant to low temperatures, although slightly more expensive.
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4. Natural or Forced Circulation

  • Natural circulation:
    Water is transferred naturally due to temperature differences. It’s more economical and doesn’t require electricity.
  • Forced circulation:
    Uses a pump to transfer water. It is more efficient in larger installations or when the collectors are far from the boiler. Forced circulation solar systems may be the only option when the building’s aesthetics require it.

Indicative Cost ( Greek Market )

  • A 160-liter solar water heater with 3 m² collectors costs on average €750, but it can be significantly more expensive depending on the materials used.
  • Installation typically costs about €150 + VAT, depending on the complexity of the work.
  • Total cost: approximately €900 as a starting price for installing a solar water heater that meets the needs of a four-member family — and this is without any subsidy.

Tips for the Right Choice

  1. Check the Warranty
    Choose a product with a long warranty (usually 5–10 years) to ensure the system’s durability.
  2. Quality Certifications
    Look for collectors with certifications such as Solar Keymark, which guarantee high performance.
  3. Construction Materials
    Prefer stainless steel tanks for corrosion resistance and collectors with selective surfaces for better absorption.
  4. Installation Area
    Check if your area gets enough sunlight hours. In frost-prone regions, opt for a closed-loop system.
  5. Compare Offers
    Request quotes from various suppliers, considering quality, cost, and after-sales service. It’s important to have support nearby in case of problems. A solar water heater is a permanent installation, and even if it’s theoretically under warranty, what matters more is having someone local for purchase and installation support.
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Thomas Karaferis
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